Integration of Servqual, KANO, and QFD for Hospital Service Quality Management
Integrasi Servqual, KANO dan QFD untuk Pengelolaan Kualitas Layanan Rumah Sakit
Abstract
Quality has become a research concern in the field of manufacturing or services. Currently, there are several tools available that can be used to improve service quality. Each tool has advantages and disadvantages, so integration between tools is needed to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of improvement efforts. Some tools that can be integrated to evaluate service quality comprehensively are SERVQUAL, KANO, and QFD. This scientific article provides experiential information on applying quality tool integration in the health sector. A hospital was selected as a case study for an example of the application of service quality improvement steps. The trial of SERVQUAL, KANO, and QFD integration in the case study showed that the integration of SERVQUAL and KANO selected 30% of critical service attributes that need improvement. Furthermore, QFD plays a role in executing the improvements effectively and efficiently.
References
I. Aji, M. Teknik Industri, F. Teknologi Industri Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, and J. Arief Rahman Hakim, “Integrasi Metode Servqual, KANO, dan QFD untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Layanan (Studi Kasus : Fakultas Teknik UG),” in Seminar Nasional Teknologi Industri Berkelanjutan I (SENASTITAN I), Surabaya: Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, Mar. 2021, pp. 8–16.
F. L. Lizarelli, L. Osiro, G. M. D. Ganga, G. H. S. Mendes, and G. R. Paz, “Integration of SERVQUAL, Analytical Kano, and QFD using fuzzy approaches to support improvement decisions in an entrepreneurial education service,” Appl Soft Comput, vol. 112, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2021.107786.
A. Mansur, A. N. Farah, and W. N. Cahyo, “Integration of Servqual, Kano Model, and QFD to Design Improvement on Public Service System,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Physics Publishing, Sep. 2019. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012101.
M. L. Singgih and N. Ardhiyani, “Integrating SERVQUAL with KANO into Quality Function Deployment (QFD) for Better Quality of Services Case Study: PT Pos Indonesia, Branch Office of Sidoarjo,” in INFORMS Service Science Conference, Taipei: National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Jul. 2010, pp. 419–425.
Syafarial Akbar, “Analisis kepuasan pelanggan dengan integrasi SERVQUAL dan KANO ke dalam QFD,” Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 2009.
K. C. Tan and T. A. Pawitra, “Integrating SERVQUAL and Kano’s model into QFD for service excellence development,” Manageng Service Quality, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 418–430, 2001, [Online]. Available: http://www.emerald-library.com/ft
D. L. Trenggonowati et al., “Meningkatkan Kualitas Pengiriman U – Ditch Dengan Integrasi Servqual – Kano – QFD di PT DAY,” Journal of Systems Engineering and Management, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 103, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.36055/joseam.v2i1.19384.
N. P. C. D. Atmaja and N. M. S. Utami, “Servqual Gap and Comparative Analysis of Service Quality Perception: Determination Framework and Critical Factors for Submission of Service Quality in the Public Health Center (Puskesmas) in Sukawati District, Gianyar Region, Bali - Indonesia,” International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review, vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 21127–21137, Nov. 2018, doi: 10.15520/ijcrr.v9i11.621.
T. T. Borishade, O. O. Ogunnaike, O. Salau, B. D. Motilewa, and J. I. Dirisu, “Assessing the relationship among service quality, student satisfaction and loyalty: the NIGERIAN higher education experience,” Jul. 01, 2021, Elsevier Ltd. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07590.
I. Güsser-Fachbach, G. Lechner, and M. Reimann, “The impact of convenience attributes on the willingness-to-pay for repair services,” Resour Conserv Recycl, vol. 198, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107163.
A. J. Manurung, P. Anggela, and T. Wahyudi, “PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RSIA NABASA DENGAN METODE SERVICE QUALITY (SERVQUAL), DAN IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS (IPA),” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.untan.ac.id/index.php/jtinUNTAN/issue/view/1913
A. Parasuraman, V. A. Zeithaml, and L. L. Berry, “SERVQUAL: A multiple-Item Scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality,” Journal of Retailing, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 12–40, 1988, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225083802
T. A. Pawitra and K. C. Tan, “Tourist satisfaction in Singapore – a perspective from Indonesian tourists,” Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 399–411, Oct. 2003, doi: 10.1108/09604520310495868.
J. A. Pesoa, B. Kristyanto, and P. K. Dewa, “Customer Loyalty in Coffee Shop: Literature Review and Condition for the Future,” International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 61–76, 2020.
A. Wahyu Melinda and R. Arifudin, “Implementation of the Servqual Method as a Service Support Decision Support System in Hotels,” Journal of Advances in Information Systems and Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jaist
T. S. Wong and J. K. L. Chan, “Experience attributes and service quality dimensions of peer-to-peer accommodation in Malaysia,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 7, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18403.
M. YuvinaTileng, W. Herry Utomo, and R. Latuperissa, “Analysis of Service Quality using Servqual Method and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) in Population Department, Tomohon City,” Int J Comput Appl, vol. 70, no. 19, pp. 23–30, May 2013, doi: 10.5120/12175-8152.
C. Berger et al., “Kano’s Methods for Understanding Customer-defined Quality,” Center for Quality of Management Journal, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 1–36, 1993.
K. Matzler and H. H. Hinterhuber, “How to make product development projects more successful by integrating Kano’s model of customer satisfaction into quality function deployment,” Technovation, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 25–38, 1998.
G. Grunwald, A. Kara, and J. E. Spillan, “Application of the Kano model for insights into business students’ sustainability transformation expectations from higher educational institutions: A cross-country study,” J Clean Prod, vol. 464, Jul. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142748.
L. Shen, C. Sun, and M. Ali, “Role of servitization, digitalization, and innovation performance in manufacturing enterprises,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 13, no. 17, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.3390/su13179878.
Z. Zhou, L. Wang, and Y. Dong, “Research on innovative design of community mutual aid elderly care service platform based on Kano model,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 5, May 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15546.
J. S. Lim, K. S. Lim, J. H. Heinrichs, K. Al-Aali, A. Aamir, and M. I. Qureshi, “The role of hospital service quality in developing the satisfaction of the patients and hospital performance,” Management Science Letters, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 1353–1362, 2018, doi: 10.5267/j.msl.2018.9.004.
D. Novitasari, S. Tinggi, I. Ekonomi, and I. Pembangunan, “Hospital Quality Service and Patient Satisfaction : How The Role of Service Excellent and Service Quality ?,” JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT, vol. 01, no. 01, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://jisma.org
KEMENKES RI, “PERMENKES NO 3 TAHUN 2020,” Jakarta, 2020.
I. Simamora and R. Wahyuni, “Implementasi metode fuzzy SERVQUAL dan QFD terhadap kualitas layanan BPJS kesehatan RSUP H. Adam Malik,” Curere, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 14–25, 2019.
A. Ali, B. A. Riad, S. Talapatra, M. Iqbal, and S. Awal, “Enhancing the Healthcare Service Using Quality Function Deployment and Database Management System in the Outpatient Department of a Government Hospital of Bangladesh,” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324691132
M. Hasan Abdullah and dan Ampar Jaya Suwondo, “Evaluasi dan perbaikan mutu layanan klinik kesehatan menggunakan integrasi metode AHP-QFD,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi dan Sains (SNasTekS), Sidoarjo: Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo, Sep. 2019.
C. K. M. Lee, C. T. Y. Ru, C. L. Yeung, K. L. Choy, and W. H. Ip, “Analyze the healthcare service requirement using fuzzy QFD,” Comput Ind, vol. 74, pp. 1–15, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.compind.2015.08.005.
R. Oktavia, I. Irwandi, T. Rajibussalim, M. Mentari, and I. S. Mulia, “Assessing the validity and reliability of questionnaires on the implementation of Indonesian curriculum K-13 in STEM education,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Institute of Physics Publishing, 2018. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1088/1/012014.
M. Hartono, “The extended integrated model of Kansei Engineering, Kano, and TRIZ incorporating cultural differences into services,” International Journal of Technology, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 97–104, 2016, doi: 10.14716/ijtech.v7i1.1789.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahman Dwi Wahyudi, Muhammad Rosiawan, Mamlu’atur Rahmawati Alda

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.